一、概述
瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)腺(xian)(xian)主要包括睫毛(mao)毛(mao)囊周(zhou)圍的(de)Zeis腺(xian)(xian)和瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)板(ban)內(nei)的(de)Meibom腺(xian)(xian)，二(er)者均為(wei)(wei)皮(pi)脂腺(xian)(xian)。瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)腺(xian)(xian)的(de)感染性(xing)炎(yan)癥即為(wei)(wei)瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)腺(xian)(xian)炎(yan)，俗稱“麥(mai)粒腫(zhong)”。眼(yan)瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)皮(pi)膚Zeis腺(xian)(xian)的(de)感染為(wei)(wei)外瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)腺(xian)(xian)炎(yan)(外麥(mai)粒腫(zhong))，瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)板(ban)內(nei)Meibom腺(xian)(xian)的(de)感染為(wei)(wei)內(nei)瞼(jian)(jian)(jian)腺(xian)(xian)炎(yan)(內(nei)麥(mai)粒腫(zhong))。
二、診斷標準
1、眼(yan)瞼(jian)(jian)限局性紅腫，疼痛(tong)，硬結，外(wai)瞼(jian)(jian)腺炎(yan)以眼(yan)瞼(jian)(jian)皮(pi)膚病(bing)變較為明顯(xian)，內瞼(jian)(jian)腺炎(yan)以瞼(jian)(jian)板(ban)結膜(mo)病(bing)變較為明顯(xian)。膿(nong)(nong)腫形(xing)成以后，外(wai)瞼(jian)(jian)腺炎(yan)從(cong)皮(pi)膚面，內瞼(jian)(jian)腺炎(yan)從(cong)瞼(jian)(jian)結膜(mo)面可看到黃白色(se)膿(nong)(nong)點。膿(nong)(nong)腫破潰(kui)，膿(nong)(nong)液排出以后紅腫消(xiao)退(tui)，傷口愈(yu)合。
2、可伴(ban)結膜水腫。
3、可(ke)伴耳前或頜下淋巴結腫大。
4、重者全身發(fa)熱，或半側(ce)面部皮膚腫脹(圖4 -2)。
三、處理原則
1、早期熱敷，局部滴抗(kang)(kang)生素眼(yan)藥水，涂(tu)抗(kang)(kang)生素眼(yan)膏(gao)，必要(yao)時全(quan)身(shen)也應(ying)用抗(kang)(kang)
生素。
2、膿(nong)腫形成以后(hou)切(qie)開引流(liu)。外瞼(jian)腺炎從皮膚面作平(ping)行于瞼(jian)緣的切(qie)口，內(nei)
瞼腺炎從瞼結膜面做垂直于瞼緣的切口。
四、治愈標準
1、癥狀消失。
2、病(bing)變消退，眼瞼恢復正(zheng)常形態。